What is cloud computing?

Cloud computing is a way of delivering computing services-like storage, databases, servers, networking, software, and analytics-over the internet (“the cloud”) instead of using a personal computer or local server. Think of it as renting space and power from big data centers that you can access from anywhere with an internet connection.

Let's break it down

  • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): You rent virtual machines, storage, and networks. Example: Amazon EC2.
  • Platform as a Service (PaaS): You get a ready‑to‑use platform for building apps without managing the underlying hardware. Example: Google App Engine.
  • Software as a Service (SaaS): You use complete applications hosted online. Example: Microsoft Office 365.
  • Public, Private, and Hybrid Clouds: Public clouds are shared (e.g., AWS), private clouds are dedicated to one organization, and hybrid clouds combine both.

Why does it matter?

  • Cost‑effective: Pay only for what you use, no big upfront hardware purchases.
  • Scalable: Add or remove resources instantly to match demand.
  • Accessible: Work from any device with internet access.
  • Focus on core business: Let cloud providers handle maintenance, security, and updates.

Where is it used?

  • Web and mobile apps (e.g., Instagram stores photos in the cloud).
  • Data backup and disaster recovery (e.g., Dropbox, Google Drive).
  • Big data and analytics (e.g., processing large datasets on AWS EMR).
  • IoT platforms (e.g., connecting smart devices through Azure IoT Hub).
  • Enterprise IT (e.g., running virtual desktops via Citrix Cloud).

Good things about it

  • Flexibility: Quickly spin up new servers or services.
  • Reliability: Major providers offer high uptime and automatic failover.
  • Global reach: Deploy services close to users worldwide for faster performance.
  • Innovation: Access to cutting‑edge tools like AI, machine learning, and serverless computing.

Not-so-good things

  • Ongoing costs: Pay‑as‑you‑go can become expensive if not monitored.
  • Internet dependency: No connection, no access to services.
  • Security concerns: Storing data off‑site requires trust in the provider’s security measures.
  • Vendor lock‑in: Moving workloads to another provider can be complex and costly.