What is barcode?
A barcode is a visual representation of data using a pattern of parallel lines (or squares) that a scanner can read. Each line’s width and spacing correspond to numbers or letters, allowing computers to quickly identify products, tickets, or other items.
Let's break it down
- Lines and spaces: The thick and thin bars, plus the white gaps, form a code.
- Start/stop symbols: Special patterns at each end tell the scanner where the code begins and ends.
- Data characters: The pattern in the middle encodes numbers or letters.
- Scanner: A light source shines on the barcode; the reflected light changes based on the bars, and a sensor translates those changes into digital data.
Why does it matter?
Barcodes turn a long string of numbers into a quick, error‑free visual tag. This speeds up checkout lines, reduces manual entry mistakes, helps track inventory, and enables automated processes in many industries.
Where is it used?
- Retail stores (product labels)
- Libraries (book tracking)
- Shipping and logistics (parcel tracking)
- Event tickets and boarding passes
- Manufacturing (part identification)
- Healthcare (patient wristbands, medication tracking)
Good things about it
- Fast and inexpensive to produce
- Highly reliable with low error rates
- Works with simple, low‑cost scanners
- Standardized worldwide (e.g., UPC, EAN, Code 128)
- Enables automation and real‑time data collection
Not-so-good things
- Limited data capacity (only a few dozen characters)
- Requires a clear line of sight; damaged or dirty codes may not scan
- Not ideal for very small items where the barcode would be too tiny
- Cannot store complex information like images or large text blocks
- Newer technologies (QR codes, RFID) can offer more features, making barcodes seem outdated in some contexts.