What is exFAT?

exFAT (Extended File Allocation Table) is a type of file system that helps computers store and organize files on storage devices like USB sticks and SD cards. It was created to handle very large files and works on many different devices and operating systems.

Let's break it down

  • exFAT: short for “Extended FAT,” an upgraded version of the older FAT file system.
  • File system: the method a computer uses to keep track of where data is stored on a drive, like a digital filing cabinet.
  • Store and organize files: saving pictures, videos, documents, etc., and keeping them in a way the computer can find them quickly.
  • Large files: files that are bigger than 4 GB (for example, high-definition movies).
  • Works on many devices: can be read and written by Windows, macOS, some Linux distributions, cameras, phones, and game consoles.

Why does it matter?

If you need to move big files (like 4 GB+ videos) between different gadgets, exFAT lets you do it without splitting the files or worrying about compatibility. It makes sharing data fast and hassle-free.

Where is it used?

  • USB flash drives that you use to transfer movies or large backups between a PC and a Mac.
  • SD cards in DSLR cameras and drones that record high-resolution video.
  • External hard drives for photographers who need to store many gigabytes of raw images.
  • Gaming consoles (e.g., PlayStation, Xbox) for installing games from an external drive.

Good things about it

  • Handles very large files and large storage capacities.
  • Compatible with both Windows and macOS out of the box.
  • Faster than the older FAT32 because it uses larger clusters and less overhead.
  • Simple structure makes it reliable and easy to recover data if something goes wrong.

Not-so-good things

  • Not as robust as NTFS or APFS; lacks advanced features like file permissions and journaling.
  • Some older devices (especially older cameras or media players) may not recognize exFAT.
  • Limited support on some Linux distributions without extra drivers.
  • No built-in encryption, so sensitive data isn’t protected by the file system itself.