What is cloud computing?

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services-like servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and analytics-over the internet (“the cloud”) instead of using a local computer or on‑premises hardware. You access these resources on demand, pay for what you use, and don’t have to manage the physical equipment yourself.

Let's break it down

  • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): You rent virtual machines, storage, and networks. Think of it as renting a computer you can configure however you like.
  • Platform as a Service (PaaS): You get a ready‑made environment to develop, test, and run applications without worrying about the underlying hardware.
  • Software as a Service (SaaS): You use complete applications (like email or CRM) through a web browser, with everything managed by the provider.
  • Public, Private, and Hybrid Clouds: Public clouds are shared among many customers, private clouds are dedicated to one organization, and hybrid clouds combine both for flexibility.

Why does it matter?

Cloud computing lets individuals and businesses scale resources up or down instantly, reduces the need for large upfront hardware purchases, and frees up IT teams to focus on innovation rather than maintenance. It also enables global access, collaboration, and faster deployment of new services.

Where is it used?

  • Websites and apps: Hosting everything from blogs to massive e‑commerce platforms.
  • Data storage and backup: Storing files, photos, and databases securely off‑site.
  • Big data and analytics: Processing large datasets with powerful cloud‑based tools.
  • Machine learning: Training AI models using high‑performance cloud GPUs.
  • Collaboration tools: Services like Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, and Zoom.

Good things about it

  • Scalability: Add or remove resources in minutes.
  • Cost efficiency: Pay‑as‑you‑go pricing means you only pay for what you use.
  • Reliability: Providers offer high uptime, redundancy, and disaster recovery.
  • Speed of innovation: Quickly test and launch new ideas without waiting for hardware.
  • Accessibility: Access services from anywhere with an internet connection.

Not-so-good things

  • Dependence on internet: If your connection is slow or down, you lose access.
  • Security concerns: Storing data off‑site can raise privacy and compliance issues.
  • Potential hidden costs: Data transfer fees, storage tiers, and long‑term usage can add up.
  • Vendor lock‑in: Moving workloads between providers can be complex and costly.
  • Performance variability: Shared resources may sometimes lead to unpredictable performance.