What is put?
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing resources-such as servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and analytics-over the internet (“the cloud”) instead of having to own and manage physical hardware on‑premises. You simply rent what you need, when you need it, and access it through a web browser or API.
Let's break it down
- Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): You rent raw virtual machines, storage, and networks. Think of it as renting a blank computer you can configure yourself.
- Platform as a Service (PaaS): The provider supplies the operating system, runtime, and development tools, so you can focus on writing code without worrying about the underlying hardware.
- Software as a Service (SaaS): Fully finished applications delivered over the web (e.g., email, CRM, office suites). You just use the software; everything else is managed for you.
- Public, Private, and Hybrid Clouds: Public clouds are shared among many customers, private clouds are dedicated to a single organization, and hybrid clouds combine both for flexibility.
Why does it matter?
- Cost Efficiency: Pay‑as‑you‑go pricing means you only pay for what you actually use, avoiding large upfront hardware purchases.
- Scalability: Resources can be quickly scaled up or down to match demand, supporting everything from small blogs to global services.
- Speed & Innovation: Developers can spin up environments in minutes, test ideas fast, and bring new features to market quicker.
- Reliability: Major cloud providers offer high‑availability architectures and automatic backups, reducing downtime.
Where is it used?
- Web and Mobile Apps: Most modern apps (e.g., Netflix, Instagram) run on cloud infrastructure.
- Data Storage & Backup: Services like Amazon S3 or Google Cloud Storage store files, images, and backups.
- Big Data & Analytics: Cloud platforms provide tools for processing massive datasets (e.g., AWS Redshift, Azure Synapse).
- Machine Learning: Pre‑built AI services and GPU instances let developers train models without buying expensive hardware.
- Enterprise IT: Companies move email, collaboration tools, and internal applications to SaaS solutions like Office 365 or Salesforce.
Good things about it
- Flexibility: Choose the exact services and scale you need.
- Global Reach: Deploy applications in data centers around the world for low latency.
- Security Expertise: Leading providers invest heavily in security certifications and compliance.
- Maintenance Free: Patches, hardware upgrades, and network management are handled by the provider.
- Innovation Access: Immediate use of cutting‑edge technologies (AI, IoT, serverless) without building them yourself.
Not-so-good things
- Ongoing Costs: While there are no upfront hardware expenses, long‑term usage can become expensive if not monitored.
- Vendor Lock‑in: Moving workloads to another provider can be complex and costly.
- Limited Control: You rely on the provider’s policies for updates, configurations, and sometimes performance throttling.
- Data Privacy Concerns: Storing sensitive data off‑site may raise compliance and regulatory issues.
- Internet Dependency: Access to services requires a reliable network connection; outages can disrupt operations.